BackgroundInformation | Akt(proteinkinaseB),aserine/threoninekinase,hasemergedasacriticalenzymeinsignaltransductionpathwaysinvolvedincellproliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis,anddiabetes.InmammalsthreeisoformsofAkt(α,β,γorAkt1,2,3)arereportedthatexhibitahighdegreeofhomology,butdifferslightlyinthelocalizationoftheirregulatoryphosphorylationsites.Aktαisthepredominantisoforminmosttissues,whereasthehighestexpressionofAktβisobservedintheinsulin-responsivetissues,andAktγisabundantinbraintissue.EachAktisoformiscomposedofthreefunctionallydistinctregions:anN-terminalpleckstrinhomology(PH)domainthatprovidesalipid-bindingmoduletodirectAkttoPIP2andPIP3,acentralcatalyticdomain,andaC-terminalhydrophobicmotif. |