BackgroundInformation | Homerproteinhomolog1(UniProtQ86YM7;alsoknownasHomer-1,Homer1)isencodedbytheHOMER1(alsoknownasSYN47)gene(GeneID9456)inhuman.Homer-1,-2,and-3constituteafamilyofpostsynapticscaffoldproteinsthatplayacentralroleincalciumsignaling.HomermembersshareaconservedN-terminalEna/VASPhomology1(EVH1)domain(a.a.1-110ofHomer-1)thatmediatesignalingcomplexesassemblybyinteractingwithPPXXFRproline-richconsensussequencesfoundinvariousotherscaffoldingandsignaltransductionmolecules,includingmetabotropicglutamatereceptors(mGluRs)and1,4,5-trisphosphatereceptors(IP3Rs).InadditiontomediategroupImGluRssignalingviatheirEVH1domain,Homer-1splicedvariantsVesl-1L,1b,and1d,butnotVesl-1MorVesl-1S,alsocontainaC-terminalcoiled-coil(a.a.181-352)regionthatmediateself-multimerization.Homer-1variantsareassociatedwiththeetiologyofmanyneurologicaldiseases,suchaschronicpain,mentalretardationsyndromes,Alzheimer"sdisease(AD),Parkinson"sdisease(PD),schizophrenia,drug-inducedaddiction,andtraumaticbraininjury(TBI).Homer1b/c-knockdownisreportedtoprotectagainstchemicallyinducedseizureinmiceasaresultofpreventingmGluR5-mediatedmTORpathwayactivation.
|