Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lysophospholipid formed by phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinases. S1P binds to five G-protein coupled receptors designated S1P1-5 leading to cell proliferation, motility, and has a role in regulation cell shape. In addition, S1P acts as an intracellular mediator in a receptor-independent manner regulating cell survival and Ca2+ homeostasis. Sphingosine 1-phosphate biotin (S1P-biotin) is a S1P analog with natural erythro stereochemistry labeled at the terminus of the alkyl chain with biotin.
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1) Ieronimakis, N., et al. (2013). “Increased sphingosine-1-phosphate improves muscle regeneration in acutely injured mdx mice.” Skelet Muscle 3(1): 20.